Process of and machine for making emery-wheels



(No Model.) I 2Sheets'-Sheet 1. A. JOHNSTON. PROCESS OF AND MACHINE FORMAKING EMERY WHEELS.

Patented June 14, 1892.

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A JOHNSTON 4 PROCESS OF AND MACHINE FOR MAKING EMERY WHEELS.

Patented June 14, 1892.

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ALLEN JOHNSTON, or O'FUMWA, IOWA.

PROCESS OF AND MACHINE FOR MAKING ,EMERY-WHEELS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 476,799, dated June 14,1892.

Application filed July 5, 1889. Serial No. 816,609. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALLEN JOHNSTON, a citi zen of the United States,residing in Ottum Wa, in the county of l Vapello and State of Iowa, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Presses for Manufacturing ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a press to be used in the man ufactu re ofring-shaped emerywheels, such as are now used in grinding table-cutlery,8:0.

The machine is adapted to receive a metallic ring and to cast or unitethe emery to such ring. It consists of an annular mold, in which themetallic ring may be positioned, a movable follower adapted to close thetop of the mold, and a plunger forming a bottom to the mold and which isactuated by hydraulic or other adequate pressure and thus adapted tocompress the emery and shape it, While at the same time it forces theemery into the looking groove or spaces of the metallic ring. The moldis provided with means whereby it may be first heated both inside andout to the proper degree, thereby enabling the filling of the moldwithout prematurely chilling the plastic emery, which is supplied whilehot, and the same feature allows the mold to be cooled after thepressure has been applied to bring the material to the requisite shapeand size by admitting a cooling fluid instead of the heating agent. Allthese features Will be fully understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawings wherein- Figure 1 is a central vertical section of my improvedpress. Fig. 2 is a plan thereof, and Fig. 3 is a horizontal section ofthe same.

In the said drawings, A represents a suitable base having an interiorchamber a, with its walls strengthened at proper intervals by interiorribs a. Mounted uponthis base is a cylinder B, having a close bottom I).

Resting upon the cylinderB is a hollow ring 0, and located centrallywithin said ring is a core D, havinga depending stem (Z, passing throughand secured in the bottom Z) of cylinder 13. Between the exteriorsurface of this core and the interior surface of the hollow ring is thespace 8, wherein the emery-wheel is molded and pressed. Movingvertically in said space 5 and forming a bottom to such Emeryheels,

base athrough the pipef. In order that the plunger may be used to drivethe finished emery-wheel outwardly from the mold, it is given aconsiderable range of movement, as will be understood from Fig. 1.

Above the ring 0 is suspended the follower G, having a bottom flange g,adapted to enter the mold-spacesand form atop thereto. This follower isactuated by means ofa non-rotating screw'I'I, keyed to the follower andactuated up and down by an elongated rotating nut h, driven byhand-wheel '11, keyed to said nut, said nut being confined in astationary three-armed cross-head I. The face or edge of the flange g,which enters the mold-space, is beveled, as shown, in order to impart alike bevel to the edge of the wheel.

The parts B, O, and I are united together firmly by means of tie-rods J,thimbles j being interposed between the ring 0 and crosshead I. v

In order that the mold may be heated before the plastic emery is placedin it, and thus avoid any premature chilling of the latter, steam isadmitted to the hollow of the ring (J by means of the pipe K, and alsoto the interior of the core D by means of the pipe L,

which extends down to a sufficiently low point to enable it to pass upthrough the stem of the core, and both the ring and core are heated to atemperature not exceeding 400 Fahrenheit. When it is desired to cool themold, the steam is shut off from these pipes K and L, and Water isadmitted thereto by means of the branch M, which connects with the pipeL, as shown, pipe L being joined to pipe K, as also indicated. The Wateris thus enabled to take the place of steam and reduce the temperature ofthe mold both inside and out. The water may be drawn off from theinterior of the core by the annular passage N, surrounding that portionof pipe L, which passes through the core-stem and through a pipe a,connecting with such annular passage N, said pipe at emptying into thechamber a of the base. The discharge from the hollow of ring is throughpipe 0, and that from the interior of cylinder B below the followerheadis through pipe P.

R R indicate the various valves for controlling the steam and water anddischarge pipes.

An overflow for the base A is shown at S, and a gage connecting with thewater-space under the follower head and adapted to show the pressure putupon the plunger is shown at T.

A packing m is applied to the under side of the plunger-base, and asimilar provision is applied to close the joint between the plunger andthe ring 0, as shown at in.

At a and 1;, respectively, are annular ribs which come in contact withsaid packings at the extreme limits of the movements of which theplunger is capable. Such ribs are not likely to adhere to the packing aswould a surface corresponding to the contour of the packing andcoextensive with itin dimension.

This being the construction of the apparatus, the mode of operation isas follows: A metallic ring 50, adapted to be united with theemery-wheel by the provision, for instance, of a dovetail groove uponits upper surface, being placed in the mold-space s in the positionindicated at Fig. 1, steam is admitted by means of the pipes K and L tothe interior of ring 0 and core D until they are sufficiently heated toprevent any chilling of the emery prior to the compressing of the same.-Oare should, however, be taken not to heat the ring or core above 400Fahrenheit where dealing with emery containing a binding material,because a greater degree of heat is liable to burn the binding materialand produce an inferior wheel. The hot plastic emery with its admixtureof binding material is then placed in the mold-space and the cap orfollower G is lowered to cover such space. The water underpressu rebeing now admitted under the bottom of the plunger, said plunger iscaused to rise and compress the emery within the mold, causing thelatter thereby to enter the dovetail of the ring 00, and also to receivethe bevel conformation of the flange g. This pressure is recorded uponthe gage and is carried to a proper point and continued long enough toinsure suitable action upon the wheel. The steam is shut off and wateradmitted in its stead to the interior of the ring and core whenever thewheel has been sufficiently compressed. After a sufficient chilling thefollower G may be raised and such pressure put upon the plunger as willcause it to force the now formed wheel with its attached metallic ringup and out of the mold. As these wheels are liable to become stuck inthe mold, so that it is very difficnlt to dislodge them, I reheat thering and core quickly by withdrawing the water and readmitting steam.This results in softening the surface of the wheel, if the material ofwhich it is composed is such as will become plastic with heat, andrenders its removal easy. The facility with which this reheating may bedone is an important advantage attending my invention.

Instead of introducing the heat through pipes, as shown, the heating ofthe press may be accomplished in other ways-as, for instance, by heatingthe entire machine in a hot chamber to a degree sufficient to keep theemery plastic while it is being pressed into form.

I claim- 1. The press for the manufacture of emerywheels, consisting ofthe hollow ring and hollow core, both having provision for the admissionof a heating agent, a follower closing one end of the space between saidring and core, and a plunger actuated by hydraulic or other suitablepressure moving in said space and closing the other end thereof,substantially as set forth.

2. The press for the manufacture of emerywheels, consisting of acylinder B, a hollow core D d, a hollow ring 0, and pipe connections forsupplying said core and ring with heating and cooling agents, incombination with the follower and plunger, substantially as set forth.

3. The press for the manufacture of emerywheels, consisting of thehollow ring and hollow core, both provided with pipe connections for theadmission of heating and cooling fluids to their interior, a followerhaving a beveled flange g, and apressure-actuated plunger, all combinedand operating substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with the plunger and its cylinder B, of the core D,having a stem cl, receiving the pipe L and also giving discharge to thewater, said pipe L and the discharge-pipe connecting with said stem,whereby the core is supplied with and exhausted of the heating andcooling fluids, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the plunger and its packing, of the rib or ribsu v, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

(3. The process of making emery-wheels IIO which are composed of acompound of emer yg and binding material rendered plastic by heat, 1

latter are solid, substantially as specified.

- ALLEN JOHNSTON.

Witnesses:

J. T. HACKWORTH,

A. G. HARROW.

